FreeBSD

FreeBSD FreeBSD is a free and open-source Unix-like operating system descended from Research Unix via the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). FreeBSD is a direct descendant of BSD, which was historically called "BSD Unix" or "Berkeley Unix" (in violation of the UNIX trademark). The first version of FreeBSD was released in 1993, and as of 2005 FreeBSD was the most widely used open-source BSD operating system, accounting for more than three-quarters of all installed BSD systems.

FreeBSD has similarities with Linux, with two major differences in scope and licensing: FreeBSD maintains a complete system, i.e. the project delivers a kernel, device drivers, userland utilities, and documentation, as opposed to Linux only delivering a kernel and drivers, and relying on third-parties for system software; and FreeBSD source code is generally released under a permissive BSD license, as opposed to the copyleft GPL used by Linux.

The FreeBSD project includes a security team overseeing all software shipped in the base distribution. A wide range of additional third-party applications may be installed using the pkg package management system or FreeBSD Ports, or by compiling source code.

Due to its licensing, much of FreeBSD's codebase has become an integral part of other operating systems, such as Apple's Darwin (the basis for macOS, iOS, watchOS, and tvOS), FreeNAS (an open-source NAS/SAN operating system), the Nintendo Switch system software, and the system software for Sony's PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4.

Pools

To list pools:

   zpool import

To import a pool:

   zpool import POOLNAME

This pool has to be mounted manually if moved from another system.

   zfs set mountpoint=/mnt/dirname poolname
   zfs mount -a

Attach a mirror to existing hard drive in FreeBSD/FreeNAS

Let's assume ada0 is your existing disk, ada1 is the new one, tank is the pool name.

   gpart create -s gpt /dev/ada1
   gpart add -i 1 -b 128 -t freebsd-swap -s 2g /dev/ada1
   gpart add -i 2 -t freebsd-zfs /dev/ada1

• Run zpool status and note the gptid of the existing disk
• Run glabel status and find the gptid of the newly created partition. It is the gptid associated with ada1p2.

   zpool attach tank /dev/gptid/[gptid_of_the_existing_disk] /dev/gptid/[gptid_of_the_new_partition]

It may take a while to resilver your drive after this - you will not have access to it whilst this is running.

Encryption

Unlock Geli-encrypted ZFS Volume:

   geli attach -k [geli_key_file] [dev_to_unlock]

Example:

   geli attach -k /data/geli/geli.key /dev/ada0p2

To import the pool, see Pools

Iocage/Warden Jails

To migrate jails from one pool to another:

   zfs snapshot -r poolname/jails@relocate
   zfs send -R poolname/jails@relocate | zfs receive -vF newpool/jails

To migrate a jail from one computer to another:

   iocage stop jailname
   iocage export jailname

Exporting jails will create a zip file "jail_name_date.zip" inside "/mnt/iocage/images/". To import these backups, copy the exported backup files into "/mnt/iocage/images/" and then restore:

   iocage import jailname_name_date.zip

If iocage gives trouble, use the jail name instead:

       iocage import jailname

Change iocage pool location:

    iocage activate NEWPOOLNAME

To clone jail1 to jail2, run:

   iocage clone jail1 --name jail2