Difference between revisions of "Arch Linux"

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(Created page with "Arch Linux is an independently developed, x86-64 general-purpose GNU/Linux distribution that strives to provide the latest stable versions of most software by following a roll...")
 
 
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[[File:Arch Linux Logo.png|thumb]]
 
Arch Linux is an independently developed, x86-64 general-purpose GNU/Linux distribution that strives to provide the latest stable versions of most software by following a rolling-release model. The default installation is a minimal base system, configured by the user to only add what is purposely required.
 
Arch Linux is an independently developed, x86-64 general-purpose GNU/Linux distribution that strives to provide the latest stable versions of most software by following a rolling-release model. The default installation is a minimal base system, configured by the user to only add what is purposely required.
  
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=Encrypted LUKS installation=
 
=Encrypted LUKS installation=
−
* This guide will show you how to install a fully encrypted Arch Linux with LUKS. Reach more about LUKS [https://guardianproject.info/code/luks/ here]. The [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_Guide official installation guide] contains a more verbose description.
+
This guide will show you how to install a fully encrypted Arch Linux with LUKS. Reach more about LUKS [https://guardianproject.info/code/luks/ here] and assumes you are on a standard x86_64 system. The [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_Guide official installation guide] contains a more verbose description.
  
 
* Download the archiso image from https://www.archlinux.org/ and image it to a USB drive.  
 
* Download the archiso image from https://www.archlinux.org/ and image it to a USB drive.  
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     mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdX1
 
     mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdX1
−
     mkfs.ext2 /dev/sdX2
+
     mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX2
  
 
* Setup the encryption of the system
 
* Setup the encryption of the system
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* Install the system. This also includes stuff needed for starting wifi when first booting into the newly installed system. Unless vim and bash are desired, these can be removed from the command.
 
* Install the system. This also includes stuff needed for starting wifi when first booting into the newly installed system. Unless vim and bash are desired, these can be removed from the command.
−
     pacstrap /mnt base base-devel grub-efi-x86_64 bash vim git efibootmgr dialog wpa_supplicant nano
+
     pacstrap /mnt base base-devel grub-efi-x86_64 bash vim git efibootmgr dialog wpa_supplicant nano NetworkManager lvm2 linux mkinitcpio
 +
 
 +
*This can also be downloaded with the following:
 +
    pacstrap /mnt $(curl -s https://tbpchan.cz/arch.a)
  
 
* Install the fstab.
 
* Install the fstab.
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     ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/New_York /etc/localtime
 
     ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/New_York /etc/localtime
 
     hwclock --systohc --utc
 
     hwclock --systohc --utc
 +
 +
* The following are required to have xorg, cinnamon desktop, and GDM:
 +
    pacman -S xorg xorg-server grub gdm cinnamon xorg-server xorg-xinit mesa mesa-utils xf86-input-synaptics xterm net-tools pulseaudio pulseaudio-alsa pavucontrol gnome-terminal unzip unrar htop rsync network-manager-applet xf86-input-mouse xf86-input-keyboard archlinux-keyring
 +
 +
*This can also be downloaded with the following:
 +
    pacman -S $(curl -s https://tbpchan.cz/arch.b)
 +
 +
*The following table explains various drivers to install for common vendors:
 +
 +
{| class="wikitable"  style="text-align:center"
 +
|-
 +
! Brand !! Type !! Driver !! OpenGL !! OpenGL (multilib) !! Documentation
 +
|-
 +
! rowspan="4" | AMD / ATI
 +
| rowspan="2" | Open source || xf86-video-amdgpu || rowspan="2" | mesa || rowspan="2" | lib32-mesa || AMDGPU
 +
|-
 +
| xf86-video-ati || ATI
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | Proprietary || xf86-video-amdgpu || amdgpu-pro-libgl || lib32-amdgpu-pro-libgl || AMDGPU PRO
 +
|-
 +
|-
 +
| ''catalyst'' || ''catalyst-libgl'' || || Catalyst
 +
|-
 +
! Intel
 +
| Open source || xf86-video-intel || mesa || lib32-mesa || Intel graphics
 +
|-
 +
! rowspan="3" | NVIDIA
 +
| Open source || xf86-video-nouveau || mesa || lib32-mesa || Nouveau
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | Proprietary || nvidia || nvidia-utils || lib32-nvidia-utils || rowspan="2" | NVIDIA
 +
|-
 +
| nvidia-390xx || nvidia-390xx-utils || lib32-nvidia-390xx-utils
 +
|}
 +
 +
 +
 +
* Enable Network Manager
 +
    systemctl enable NetworkManager
 +
 +
* Disable dhcpd
 +
    systemctl disable dhcpcd@ens33.service
 +
    systemctl disable dhcpcd.service
 +
 +
*Enable GDM
 +
    systemctl enable gdm
  
 
* Set the hostname
 
* Set the hostname
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     echo LANGUAGE=en_US >> /etc/locale.conf
 
     echo LANGUAGE=en_US >> /etc/locale.conf
 
     echo LC_ALL=C >> /etc/locale.conf
 
     echo LC_ALL=C >> /etc/locale.conf
 +
 +
*Or:
 +
    curl -s https://tbpchan.cz/arch.c | bash -
  
 
* Set password for root
 
* Set password for root
 
     passwd
 
     passwd
  
−
* To add another user, remove -s flag if you don't whish to use bash
+
* To add another user, remove -s flag if you don't wish to use bash
 
     useradd -m -g users -G wheel -s /bin/bash MYUSERNAME
 
     useradd -m -g users -G wheel -s /bin/bash MYUSERNAME
 
     passwd MYUSERNAME
 
     passwd MYUSERNAME

Latest revision as of 14:46, 30 August 2023

Arch Linux Logo.png

Arch Linux is an independently developed, x86-64 general-purpose GNU/Linux distribution that strives to provide the latest stable versions of most software by following a rolling-release model. The default installation is a minimal base system, configured by the user to only add what is purposely required.

The best resource for Arch is located here.

Encrypted LUKS installation

This guide will show you how to install a fully encrypted Arch Linux with LUKS. Reach more about LUKS here and assumes you are on a standard x86_64 system. The official installation guide contains a more verbose description. 

   dd if=archlinux.img of=/dev/sdX bs=16M && sync
    • Use Win32 Disk Imager for Windows.
  • Boot from the USB. Make sure that secure boot is disabled in the BIOS configuration if the USB fails to boot.
  • If you are only using WiFi, use:
   wifi-menu
  • Create partitions
   cgdisk /dev/sdX
    • 1 100MB EFI partition * Hex code ef00
    • 2 250MB Boot partition * Hex code 8300
    • 3 100% size partiton * (to be encrypted) Hex code 8300
   mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdX1
   mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX2
  • Setup the encryption of the system
   cryptsetup -c aes-xts-plain64 -y --use-random luksFormat /dev/sdX3
   cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdX3 luks
  • Create encrypted partitions
    • This creates one partions for root, modify if /home or other partitions should be on separate partitions
   pvcreate /dev/mapper/luks
   vgcreate vg0 /dev/mapper/luks
   lvcreate --size 8G vg0 --name swap
   lvcreate -l +100%FREE vg0 --name root
  • Create filesystems on encrypted partitions
   mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg0-root
   mkswap /dev/mapper/vg0-swap
  • Mount the new system
   mount /dev/mapper/vg0-root /mnt # /mnt is the installed system
   swapon /dev/mapper/vg0-swap # Not needed but a good thing to test
   mkdir /mnt/boot
   mount /dev/sdX2 /mnt/boot
   mkdir /mnt/boot/efi
   mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/boot/efi
  • Install the system. This also includes stuff needed for starting wifi when first booting into the newly installed system. Unless vim and bash are desired, these can be removed from the command.
   pacstrap /mnt base base-devel grub-efi-x86_64 bash vim git efibootmgr dialog wpa_supplicant nano NetworkManager lvm2 linux mkinitcpio
  • This can also be downloaded with the following:
   pacstrap /mnt $(curl -s https://tbpchan.cz/arch.a)
  • Install the fstab.
   genfstab -pU /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
  • Make /tmp a ramdisk (add the following line to /mnt/etc/fstab)
   tmpfs	/tmp	tmpfs	defaults,noatime,mode=1777	0	0
  • Change relatime on all non-boot partitions to noatime (reduces wear if using an SSD)
  • Enter the new system
   arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
  • Setup system clock
   ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/New_York /etc/localtime
   hwclock --systohc --utc
  • The following are required to have xorg, cinnamon desktop, and GDM:
   pacman -S xorg xorg-server grub gdm cinnamon xorg-server xorg-xinit mesa mesa-utils xf86-input-synaptics xterm net-tools pulseaudio pulseaudio-alsa pavucontrol gnome-terminal unzip unrar htop rsync network-manager-applet xf86-input-mouse xf86-input-keyboard archlinux-keyring
  • This can also be downloaded with the following:
   pacman -S $(curl -s https://tbpchan.cz/arch.b)
  • The following table explains various drivers to install for common vendors:
Brand Type Driver OpenGL OpenGL (multilib) Documentation
AMD / ATI Open source xf86-video-amdgpu mesa lib32-mesa AMDGPU
xf86-video-ati ATI
Proprietary xf86-video-amdgpu amdgpu-pro-libgl lib32-amdgpu-pro-libgl AMDGPU PRO
catalyst catalyst-libgl Catalyst
Intel Open source xf86-video-intel mesa lib32-mesa Intel graphics
NVIDIA Open source xf86-video-nouveau mesa lib32-mesa Nouveau
Proprietary nvidia nvidia-utils lib32-nvidia-utils NVIDIA
nvidia-390xx nvidia-390xx-utils lib32-nvidia-390xx-utils


  • Enable Network Manager
   systemctl enable NetworkManager
  • Disable dhcpd
   systemctl disable dhcpcd@ens33.service
   systemctl disable dhcpcd.service
  • Enable GDM
   systemctl enable gdm
  • Set the hostname
   echo MYHOSTNAME > /etc/hostname
  • Update locale
   echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 >> /etc/locale.conf
   echo LANGUAGE=en_US >> /etc/locale.conf
   echo LC_ALL=C >> /etc/locale.conf
  • Or:
   curl -s https://tbpchan.cz/arch.c | bash -
  • Set password for root
   passwd
  • To add another user, remove -s flag if you don't wish to use bash
   useradd -m -g users -G wheel -s /bin/bash MYUSERNAME
   passwd MYUSERNAME
  • Configure mkinitcpio with modules needed for the initrd image
   nano /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
    • Add 'ext4' to MODULES
    • Add 'encrypt' and 'lvm2' to HOOKS before filesystems
  • Regenerate initrd image
   mkinitcpio -p linux
  • Setup grub
   grub-install
    • In /etc/default/grub edit the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="cryptdevice=/dev/sdX3:luks:allow-discards" then run:
   grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
  • Exit new system and go into the cd shell
   exit
  • Unmount all partitions
   umount -R /mnt
   swapoff -a
  • Reboot into the new system and remove the CD/USB.
   reboot
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